{"id":48284,"date":"2021-06-17T17:03:09","date_gmt":"2021-06-17T17:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dev6.blazedream.in\/ICSF\/samudra\/roundup-22"},"modified":"2021-08-23T04:08:45","modified_gmt":"2021-08-23T04:08:45","slug":"roundup-22","status":"publish","type":"samudra","link":"https:\/\/www.icsf.net\/samudra\/roundup-22\/","title":{"rendered":"Roundup"},"content":{"rendered":"
ROUNDUP<\/p>\n
NEWS, EVENTS, BRIEFINGS AND MORE\u0085<\/p>\n
FISHING SUBSIDIES<\/p>\n
WTO Statement<\/strong><\/p>\n The following is the Statement from the World Trade Organization (WTO) in support of reducing fishing subsidies<\/p>\n WTO leaders believe that in many cases, subsidies encourage overfishing and illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing.<\/p>\n \u0093We will continue to seek appropriate enhanced WTO transparency and reporting to enable the evaluation of the trade and resource effects of fisheries subsidies programmes, they stressed.<\/p>\n However, Indian authorities do not agree about the proposed punitive action for unauthorized fishing, which many developing countries have rejected because it goes back on the tentative agreement reached in 2008.<\/p>\n Referring to the fishing subsidies, New Zealand Trade Minister, Todd McClay, pointed out: \u0093Fisheries subsidies are a serious issue. They impact negatively on trade, the environment and development.<\/p>\n \u0093Fish products are one of the world’s most highly traded commodities, and subsidies distort this trade. Fishing industries from many of the world’s smaller states cannot afford to compete with large heavily subsidized fleets, McClay said.<\/p>\n The New Zealand minister is convinced it is also a serious environmental issue, since fish stocks around the world are overfished and subsidies are one of the most significant contributors to overfishing.<\/p>\n \u0093And it is also a development issue, particularly in the Pacific. Subsidies contribute to there being too many vessels, and this impacts on the health of fish stocks which are one of the most significant resources available to many Pacific Islands, stressed McClay.<\/p>\n New Zealand has a long history of working with other countries to address fisheries subsidies, in the WTO and elsewhere. \u0093Unfortunately, A number of countries have joined in the statement, including Australia, Argentina, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Fiji, Iceland, Mexico, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Solomon Islands, Switzerland, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St Kitts and Nevis, Senegal, St Lucia, and St Vincent and the Grenadines.<\/p>\n These supporting countries recognize that action at the national level should not be delayed however, and commit not to provide such subsidies. This reaction was welcomed by WWF and Oceana.<\/p>\n Both NGOs agree that the ocean is a major contributor to the global economy and billions of people depend on fish for their food security. However, they agree that many fisheries are already stretched past sustainable limits and subsidies that contribute to depleting fish stocks are simply unacceptable.<\/p>\n These organizations have worked for many years to end subsidies that drive overcapacity and hinder sustainable marine management.<\/p>\n \u0093The WTO has a historic opportunity to show the world that it can make a meaningful contribution to solving problems of global consequence and thus clearly align with the sustainable development goals adopted this year, leaders of these NGOs remarked.<\/p>\n Source<\/em>: http:\/\/en.mercopress.com\/2015\/12\/19\/wto-statement-in-support-of-reducing-fishing-subsidies<\/a><\/p>\n CLIMATE CHANGE<\/p>\n Threats to Canada’s First Nations’ fisheries<\/strong><\/p>\n According to recent study, First Nations’ fishery catches could collapse by almost 50 per cent by 2050 as a result of climate change, further endangering the food and economic security of indigenous communities along coastal British Columbia.<\/p>\n The study was conducted as part of an initiative to carry out research on global indigenous fisheries through the Nereus Program, a global interdisciplinary initiative between UBC and the Nippon Foundation in Japan.<\/p>\n The team had been studying the impacts of climate change on coastal communities at a wider scale and seeks to gain a better understanding of the possible impacts on the coastal First Nations of British Columbia where marine resources are crucial for both economic security as well as for social and ceremonial practices.<\/p>\n The researchers analyzed the habitats and population dynamics of 98 fish and shellfish species of importance to First Nations communities in order to determine how these species’ ranges and abundances might shift under low-emission and a high-emission scenarios of climate change from 2000 to 2050. Extracted: <\/a>http:\/\/ubyssey.ca\/science\/climate-change-threatens-first-nations-fisheries\/<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE<\/p>\n Union of Latin American Artisanal Fishers<\/strong><\/p>\n The Union of Latin American Fishers, bringing together 10 national-level organizations, was launched in Chile in October 2015. Participating in the IV Meeting of Latin American Artisanal Fishers, organized by CONAPACH and sponsored by the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs, artisanal fishing leaders from Argentina, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador, Guatemala, Peru, Costa Rica, Colombia and Chile committed themselves to forming a union and signed up to a common agenda.<\/p>\n The launch of the Union was announced by CONAPACH at the \u0093Our Ocean 2015 Conference, hosted by the governments of Chile and The Union seeks to represent the interests of Latin American artisanal fishers in all the forums where their rights need to be defended, taking up issues of concern to the organizations that they represent at both national and international levels. Key issues to be taken up by the Union include the implementation of the FAO Guidelines on Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries and the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, and the promotion of food sovereignty.<\/p>\n The Union will also promote artisanal fisheries at national and international levels, forming alliances with organizations, platforms and movements, both public and private, in order to achieve their objectives. The Union will actively seek to incorporate other national-level organizations in Latin America.<\/p>\n Zoila Bustamente, elected President of the Union, highlighted the constant tensions that exist between producer organizations and NGOs, where NGOs may tend to undermine the autonomy of producer organizations. \u0093It is important that producer organizations maintain their autonomy distinct from NGOs, representing their own members, and rejecting programmes that are not in the interests of artisanal fishers, she said.<\/p>\n There is a long history of co-operation between national-level artisanal fishers’ organizations in Latin America, going back decades. Most recently, in 2013, meeting in Chile, the People’s Coalition for Food Sovereignty also appointed Zoila Bustamente to represent Latin American artisanal fishery interests.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n ANALYSIS<\/p>\n Aquaculture and Decent Employment<\/strong><\/p>\n The following document, titled \u0093Improving Livelihoods through Decent Employment in Aquaculture, was submitted at the Eighth Session of the Sub-committee on Aquaculture of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in Brazil, in October 2015:<\/p>\n This paper aims at discussing one of these challenges: How could decent employment in aquaculture help improving livelihoods and reducing poverty, with the view that decent employment could offer significant opportunities for the advancement of sustainable aquaculture within a Blue Growth framework?<\/p>\n In 2012, some 58.3 mn people were engaged in capture fisheries and aquaculture, with 18.9 mn working in aquaculture. Most fishworkers are working in informal employment, self-employed either in informal enterprises or as subsistence producers and contributing family workers, or unregistered workers with no written contracts and often as casual, seasonal, short-term workers.<\/p>\n Despite its contribution to employment, the fisheries and aquaculture sector still has decent work deficits, including: low and insecure levels of income; poor and hazardous health, safety and environmental conditions; lack of stable and formal contracts; gender inequality; presence of child labour and forced labour; exploitation of migrant workers; weak social protection and a lack of social dialogue.<\/p>\n Protection of labour rights in fishing and aquaculture is limited. Internationally recognized labour standards are available \u0096 but often not applied or enforced throughout fish value chains.<\/p>\n Limited organization and voice of most stakeholders including small-scale fishers, fish farmers, and workers in fish value chains, hinder their capacity to influence policy and legislation and access markets and better employment opportunities.<\/p>\n Fisheries and aquaculture policies, strategies and processes do not systematically address labour conditions, employment dimensions nor adequate representation of fish workers’ concerns and needs.<\/p>\n Main decent work issues in aquaculture and possible actions are introduced here with reference to the four pillars of the globally agreed decent work agenda:<\/p>\n 1) Employment creation and enterprise development;<\/p>\n 2) Social protection;<\/p>\n 3) Standards and rights at work; and<\/p>\n 4) Governance and social dialogue<\/p>\n A range of key issues are presented for which attention and critical action might be needed to both improve labour dimensions in aquaculture and address rural poverty. The issues highlighted are followed by potential actions which primarily focus on how aquaculture governance mechanisms can address labour dimensions as a precondition to achieve decent work in the sector. The actions are identified without Clearly, there will be differences depending on geographical context, types of commodity, nature of production, scale of operation, involvement of stakeholders, and vulnerability and exposure of fishworkers, their households and communities to poverty, and their access to health, education and other social services. The table provides a summary overview of major decent work issues in aquaculture and related possible actions.<\/p>\n Aquaculture stakeholders face a wide range of decent work issues which, however, can be addressed through a variety of possible actions. Promoting decent employment in aquaculture operations and practices and implementing the decent work agenda in the aquaculture sector contributes to efforts of improving livelihoods and community development in many rural areas.<\/p>\n Table: Major decent work issues in aquaculture and examples of possible actions (extracted)<\/p>\n
\nfish stocks continue to decline while fisheries subsidies continue to increase, the minister stated.<\/p>\n
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\nthe US.<\/p>\n
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\npre-defined precedence, leaving decisionmaking on priority actions to relevant stakeholders within a determined context.<\/p>\n