According to the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, which specifies subjects that are on the Union List, the State List and the Concurrent List, the responsibility for fisheries and marine habitat is spread over several agencies and Ministries at the Central and State levels.

Fish production from the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or the "deep sea", as well as major fishing harbours, the fishing vessel industry, seafood export trade, and marine and inland research and training, are on the Union List, which makes them the responsibility of the Union Government.

This section provides a selection of India's national legislation directly related to marine fisheries, including the full texts of Central Acts on environmental pollution, wildlife protection and protection of the coastal zone.